The most important unsolved problems in physics
Theoretical Problems
- Unification of quantum mechanics and gravitation
- Arrow of time
- The measurement problem in quantum mechanics and the collapse of the wave function
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Particle Physics
- Why there are only three families of particles?
- Asymmetry of matter and anti-matter
- Magnetic Monopoles
- Higgs mechanism: Does the recently discovered boson is really a Higgs boson?
Cosmology and Gravitation
- What are dark matter and dark energy?
- Acceleration of the expansion
- Why the value of the energy density from cosmological estimates differs considerably from the value given by quantum field theory by 120 orders of magnitude?
- Horizon problem
- Flatness problem
- Existence of gravitational waves
- Ecliptic alignment of the CMB radiation
- Hubble flow
- Black hole information paradox
- Discrepancy of Li abundance with the predictions of the Big Bang model
- Molybdenum and Xenon anomalies: Why the Mo isotope has a lifetime (10^25 years) much greater than the age of the universe?
Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Why do the accretion discs surrounding certain astronomical objects, such as the nuclei of active galaxies emit relativistic jets along their polar axis?
- Coronal heating problem
- Gamma ray burst
- Star and galaxy formation
- Fly-by and pioneer anomalies
- Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
Solid State
- Superconductivity in High-Tc and Iron-based superconductors
- Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism
- Topological order
- Fractional quantum Hall effect
- Bose-Einstein condensation for general interacting systems
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